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Parrot
Psittaciformes

Photo: An Australian king parrot sits on a tree branch
An Australian king parrot
Photograph by Nicole Duplaix

Parrot Profile

The parrots are a broad order of more than 350 birds. Macaws, Amazons, lorikeets, lovebirds, cockatoos and many others are all considered parrots.

Though there is great diversity among these birds, there are similarities as well. All parrots have curved beaks and all are zygodactyls, meaning they have four toes on each foot, two pointing forward and two projecting backward. Most parrots eat fruit, flowers, buds, nuts, seeds, and some small creatures such as insects.

Parrots are found in warm climates all over most of the world. The greatest diversities exist in Australasia, Central America, and South America.

Many parrots are kept as pets, especially macaws, Amazon parrots, cockatiels, parakeets, and cockatoos. These birds have been popular companions throughout history because they are intelligent, charismatic, colorful, and musical. Some birds can imitate many nonavian sounds, including human speech. The male African gray parrot (Psittacus erithacus) is the most accomplished user of human speech in the animal world; this rain forest-dweller is an uncanny mimic.

Currently the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) bans the sale of any wild-caught species, yet the parrots' popularity continues to drive illegal trade.

Some parrot species are highly endangered. In other cases, once tame birds have reproduced in the wild and established thriving feral populations in foreign ecosystems. The monk (green) parakeet, for example, now lives in several U.S. states.

Fast Facts

Type: Bird
Diet: Omnivore
Average lifespan in the wild: Up to 80 years
Size: 3.5 in (8.7cm) to 40 in (100 cm)
Weight: 2.25 oz (65 g) to 3.5 lbs (1.6 kg)
Size relative to a tea cup:
Illustration of the animal's relative size

Multimedia

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Get to know the diverse fauna of the Southwestern Amazonian Moist Forests, from tapirs to toucans to three-toed sloths, in this feature.

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Photo of the Day: Red-and-Green Macaws, Bolivia, 2000

A mated pair of red-and-green macaws soars above the forest in Bolivia's Madidi National Park. These long-lived birds mate for life, and couples spend nearly every minute together.

Other Colorful Birds

Map: Locator map for the parrot
 Parrot range

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